Mantle dynamics in the Mediterranean
Identifieur interne : 000091 ( Istex/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000090; suivant : 000092Mantle dynamics in the Mediterranean
Auteurs : Claudio Faccenna [Italie] ; Thorsten W. Becker [États-Unis] ; Ludwig Auer [Suisse] ; Andrea Billi [Italie] ; Lapo Boschi [France] ; Jean Pierre Brun [France] ; Fabio A. Capitanio [Australie] ; Francesca Funiciello [Italie] ; Ferenc Horvàth [Hongrie] ; Laurent Jolivet [France] ; Claudia Piromallo [Italie] ; Leigh Royden [États-Unis] ; Federico Rossetti [Italie] ; Enrico Serpelloni [Italie]Source :
- Reviews of Geophysics [ 8755-1209 ] ; 2014-09.
Abstract
The Mediterranean offers a unique opportunity to study the driving forces of tectonic deformation within a complex mobile belt. Lithospheric dynamics are affected by slab rollback and collision of two large, slowly moving plates, forcing fragments of continental and oceanic lithosphere to interact. This paper reviews the rich and growing set of constraints from geological reconstructions, geodetic data, and crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity imaged by structural seismology. We proceed to discuss a conceptual and quantitative framework for the causes of surface deformation. Exploring existing and newly developed tectonic and numerical geodynamic models, we illustrate the role of mantle convection on surface geology. A coherent picture emerges which can be outlined by two, almost symmetric, upper mantle convection cells. The downwellings are found in the center of the Mediterranean and are associated with the descent of the Tyrrhenian and the Hellenic slabs. During plate convergence, these slabs migrated backward with respect to the Eurasian upper plate, inducing a return flow of the asthenosphere from the back‐arc regions toward the subduction zones. This flow can be found at large distance from the subduction zones and is at present expressed in two upwellings beneath Anatolia and eastern Iberia. This convection system provides an explanation for the general pattern of seismic anisotropy in the Mediterranean, first‐order Anatolia, and Adria microplate kinematics and may contribute to the high elevation of scarcely deformed areas such as Anatolia and eastern Iberia. More generally, the Mediterranean is an illustration of how upper mantle, small‐scale convection leads to intraplate deformation and complex plate boundary reconfiguration at the westernmost terminus of the Tethyan collision.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/2013RG000444
Affiliations:
- Australie, France, Hongrie, Italie, Suisse, États-Unis
- Californie, Canton de Zurich, Centre-Val de Loire, Hongrie centrale, Latium, Région Bretagne, Région Centre, Île-de-France
- Budapest, Los Angeles, Orléans, Paris, Rennes, Rome, Zurich
- Université de Californie du Sud, Université de Rennes 1
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Scienze, Università Roma TRE, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serpelloni, Enrico" sort="Serpelloni, Enrico" uniqKey="Serpelloni E" first="Enrico" last="Serpelloni">Enrico Serpelloni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Reviews of Geophysics</title><title level="j" type="alt">REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS</title><idno type="ISSN">8755-1209</idno><idno type="eISSN">1944-9208</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">52</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="283">283</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="332">332</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">50</biblScope><date type="published" when="2014-09">2014-09</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">8755-1209</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">8755-1209</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">The Mediterranean offers a unique opportunity to study the driving forces of tectonic deformation within a complex mobile belt. Lithospheric dynamics are affected by slab rollback and collision of two large, slowly moving plates, forcing fragments of continental and oceanic lithosphere to interact. This paper reviews the rich and growing set of constraints from geological reconstructions, geodetic data, and crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity imaged by structural seismology. We proceed to discuss a conceptual and quantitative framework for the causes of surface deformation. Exploring existing and newly developed tectonic and numerical geodynamic models, we illustrate the role of mantle convection on surface geology. A coherent picture emerges which can be outlined by two, almost symmetric, upper mantle convection cells. The downwellings are found in the center of the Mediterranean and are associated with the descent of the Tyrrhenian and the Hellenic slabs. During plate convergence, these slabs migrated backward with respect to the Eurasian upper plate, inducing a return flow of the asthenosphere from the back‐arc regions toward the subduction zones. This flow can be found at large distance from the subduction zones and is at present expressed in two upwellings beneath Anatolia and eastern Iberia. This convection system provides an explanation for the general pattern of seismic anisotropy in the Mediterranean, first‐order Anatolia, and Adria microplate kinematics and may contribute to the high elevation of scarcely deformed areas such as Anatolia and eastern Iberia. More generally, the Mediterranean is an illustration of how upper mantle, small‐scale convection leads to intraplate deformation and complex plate boundary reconfiguration at the westernmost terminus of the Tethyan collision.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Italie</li><li>Suisse</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Canton de Zurich</li><li>Centre-Val de Loire</li><li>Hongrie centrale</li><li>Latium</li><li>Région Bretagne</li><li>Région Centre</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Budapest</li><li>Los Angeles</li><li>Orléans</li><li>Paris</li><li>Rennes</li><li>Rome</li><li>Zurich</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Californie du Sud</li><li>Université de Rennes 1</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Faccenna, Claudio" sort="Faccenna, Claudio" uniqKey="Faccenna C" first="Claudio" last="Faccenna">Claudio Faccenna</name></region><name sortKey="Billi, Andrea" sort="Billi, Andrea" uniqKey="Billi A" first="Andrea" last="Billi">Andrea Billi</name><name sortKey="Faccenna, Claudio" sort="Faccenna, Claudio" uniqKey="Faccenna C" first="Claudio" last="Faccenna">Claudio Faccenna</name><name sortKey="Funiciello, Francesca" sort="Funiciello, Francesca" uniqKey="Funiciello F" first="Francesca" last="Funiciello">Francesca Funiciello</name><name sortKey="Piromallo, Claudia" sort="Piromallo, Claudia" uniqKey="Piromallo C" first="Claudia" last="Piromallo">Claudia Piromallo</name><name sortKey="Rossetti, Federico" sort="Rossetti, Federico" uniqKey="Rossetti F" first="Federico" last="Rossetti">Federico Rossetti</name><name sortKey="Serpelloni, Enrico" sort="Serpelloni, Enrico" uniqKey="Serpelloni E" first="Enrico" last="Serpelloni">Enrico Serpelloni</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Becker, Thorsten W" sort="Becker, Thorsten W" uniqKey="Becker T" first="Thorsten W." last="Becker">Thorsten W. Becker</name></region><name sortKey="Royden, Leigh" sort="Royden, Leigh" uniqKey="Royden L" first="Leigh" last="Royden">Leigh Royden</name></country><country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Zurich"><name sortKey="Auer, Ludwig" sort="Auer, Ludwig" uniqKey="Auer L" first="Ludwig" last="Auer">Ludwig Auer</name></region></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Boschi, Lapo" sort="Boschi, Lapo" uniqKey="Boschi L" first="Lapo" last="Boschi">Lapo Boschi</name></region><name sortKey="Brun, Jean Pierre" sort="Brun, Jean Pierre" uniqKey="Brun J" first="Jean Pierre" last="Brun">Jean Pierre Brun</name><name sortKey="Jolivet, Laurent" sort="Jolivet, Laurent" uniqKey="Jolivet L" first="Laurent" last="Jolivet">Laurent Jolivet</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Capitanio, Fabio A" sort="Capitanio, Fabio A" uniqKey="Capitanio F" first="Fabio A." last="Capitanio">Fabio A. Capitanio</name></noRegion></country><country name="Hongrie"><region name="Hongrie centrale"><name sortKey="Horvath, Ferenc" sort="Horvath, Ferenc" uniqKey="Horvath F" first="Ferenc" last="Horvàth">Ferenc Horvàth</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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